P. Van and W. Muschik
Structure of variational principles in nonequilibrium thermodynamics
Phys. Rev. E 52, 1995, 3584-3590

There are a lot of different methods to construct variational principles in physics. In this paper we investigate and classify some of the known methods, focusing our treatment mainly on the variational principles in non-equilibrium thermodynamics. This area of physics is remarkably rich in different variational methods, because here we cannot obtain a classical Hamiltonian variational principle for the transport equtions, as far as if w consider them in their general form and with their original variables.