W. Muschik and R. Dominguez-Cascante
On extended thermodynamics of discrete systems
Physica A 233, 1996, 523-550
Work-, heat- and material-exchange between a discrete system and its
environment are derived by field-theoretical methods and can be
represented by Pfaffians. The work-exchange includes the volume work
as well as the deformation work. The state space of these discrete
systems in nonequilibrium contains the heat exchange in addition to
the time rates of the equilibrium variables, thus inducing the
notation "extended" thermodynamics. The dissipation inequality is not
exploited by constitutive ansatzes as usual in irreversible
thermodynamics, but by Liu's procedure which considers all materials
compatible with the chosen nonequilibrium state space. The
nonequilibrium entropy does not depend on time rates and on the
heat-exchange, although these variables are included into the state
space. Entropy production as well as entropy-exchange are state
functions. A classification of the different kinds of variables
spanning the state space of a discrete system is achieved.