C. Papenfuss and W. Muschik
Theory of two-dimensional liquid crystals - Influence of
curvature, liquid-crystalline ordering and electromagnetic
fields
Thin Solid Films 284-285, 1996, 484-488
The balance equations for surface densities in two-dimensional liquid
crystals are presented. In order to obtain a closed system of
differential equations out of them, constitutive equations are
needed. These constitutive equations are restricted by the second law
of thermodynamics. From these restrictions the surface stress tensor
is calculated. It is shown that the normal stresses do not
vanish. They have an influence in capillary rise experiments for
measuring the surface tension.